Picking up heavy weights can be empowering and rewarding, but you don't need equipment to start a fire in your leg muscles. In fact, some of the most effective exercises can be done using your own body weight [1]. A prime example? Jump squats.

Jump squats (or squat jumps, whichever you prefer) are simple: you do a squat and add a jump at the top. Regular bodyweight squats may be easy for you, but adding a plyometric component and asking your body to work against gravity by jumping off the floor increases the challenge on your muscles.

Whatever your exercise level, there are ways to scale jump squats up or down them easier or harder. Learn why jump squats are great for your body and how to do them ahead.

The Benefits of Jump Squats

Jump squats come with all the benefits of regular squats, plus even more. "Jump squats improve explosiveness, speed-power related abilities, and promote balance and agility," Cristina Chan [2], F45 Training trainer, says. "Jump squats training is highly effective in most sports that include sprinting or vertical reaches." So if you play intramural soccer or recreational pickleball [3], for example, jump squats can help you prep your body for those movements.

Unlike the classic squat [4], a jump squat is also an effective form of cardio, Shan adds, since it gets your heart pumping. Because they can get you out of breath in such a short period of time, this makes jump squats a great addition to a HIIT workout [5].

Wondering which muscles, exactly, jump squats target? Jump squats work your quadriceps, hamstrings, glutes, and calves. Adding a resistance band [6] around your legs will shift the focus to your glute medius, the muscle on the outside of your glutes.

How to Do Jump Squats

Because jump squats are an intense movement, you'll want to prep accordingly. "It's better to train either on grass or turf, or by using [some sort of] padding, such as a rubber mat, in order to reduce the stress on your knees," Chan says. "You should also carve out about 10 minutes for a warmup [7] before kicking off your workout to prepare your body for the stress it's about to undergo."

And since this is an advanced move, don't be afraid to scale back to find a version that's suitable for you. Chan says modifications are encouraged so you can build the proper technique for a jump squat. Once your form is solid, you can level up.

Here's how to do a jump squat with proper form.

• Start standing with your feet slightly wider than shoulder-width apart, hands by your sides.
• Lower into a squat, sitting your hips back and bending your knees, aiming to lower until your thighs are parallel to the floor. Keep your chest tall and core engaged [8]. You can clasp your hands in front of your chest if it feels comfortable.
• From the lowest point in your squat, squeeze your glutes, push into the balls of your feet, and forcefully extend your legs to jump off the floor. If it feels comfortable, extend your arms by your sides while you're jumping.
• Land softly with knees bent, immediately lowering into the squat position to begin the next rep.

Squat-Jump Variation: Low-Impact Squat Jumps

Jump squats are high impact, meaning they put a lot of force on your joints. If you're looking for a low-impact variation [9] of squat jumps, try this one. It works your lower body through the same movement pattern and muscles but is easier on your joints.

• Start standing with your feet slightly wider than shoulder-width apart, hands by your sides.
• Lower into a squat [10], sitting your hips back and bending your knees, aiming to lower until your thighs are parallel to the floor. Keep your chest tall and core engaged. You can clasp your hands in front of your chest if it feels comfortable.
• From the lowest point in your squat, squeeze your glutes, push into the balls of your feet, and forcefully extend your legs to stand up and raise onto your toes, heels hovering off the floor. If it feels comfortable, extend your arms by your sides while you're standing tall.
• Hold for a second, then lower into the squat position to begin the next rep.

Squat-Jump Variation: Resistance-Band Squat Jumps

To make it more challenging and recruit your glute medius, you can add a mini loop resistance band around your thighs.

• Start standing with your feet slightly wider than shoulder-width apart, hands by your sides, and a resistance band looped around your thighs just above your knees.
• Lower into a squat [11], sitting your hips back and bending your knees, aiming to lower until your thighs are parallel to the floor. Keep your chest tall and core engaged. Push your knees out against the resistance band to avoid letting them cave in.
• From the lowest point in your squat, squeeze your glutes, push into the balls of your feet, and forcefully extend your legs to jump off the floor. If it feels comfortable, extend your arms by your sides while you're jumping.
• Land softly with knees bent, immediately lowering into the squat position to begin the next rep.

Squat-Jump Variation: Weighted Squat Jumps

Squat jumps absolutely have the ability to challenge your lower-body muscles without any equipment, but you can add weights to make it even harder if you'd like. Try strapping on a weighted vest or holding onto some light- to medium-weight dumbbells. (Start light, and you can always level up.)

• Start standing with your feet slightly wider than shoulder-width apart, holding a dumbbell in each hand racked over your shoulders.
• Lower into a squat [12], sitting your hips back and bending your knees, aiming to lower until your thighs are parallel to the floor. Keep your chest tall and core engaged.
• From the lowest point in your squat, squeeze your glutes, push into the balls of your feet, and forcefully extend your legs to jump off the floor. If it feels comfortable, extend your arms by your sides while you're jumping.
• Land softly with knees bent, immediately lowering into the squat position to begin the next rep.